What are the safety protection functions of the power inverter

As a modern power conversion device, the safety protection function of the inverter is crucial and directly related to the normal operation of the equipment and the safety of users. This article will introduce the multiple protection mechanisms of the inverter in detail, including voltage protection, current protection, temperature protection, short circuit protection, reverse polarity protection, leakage protection and anti-islanding effect protection, aiming to provide users with a comprehensive understanding of the product.

The voltage protection function of the power inverter is the core of its safety design. When the input or output voltage is abnormal, the inverter can quickly identify and take corresponding measures. For example, if the DC voltage exceeds the set safety range, the inverter will immediately stop working and issue a warning signal to prevent equipment damage or safety hazards caused by excessive voltage. Similarly, when the AC output voltage exceeds the allowable range, the inverter will quickly cut off the connection with the grid and issue an alarm to protect the safety of the grid and the inverter itself. This voltage protection mechanism ensures that the inverter can operate stably under various conditions of voltage fluctuations, greatly improving the reliability of the system.

In terms of current protection, the inverter has intelligent monitoring capabilities. When it detects that the input or output current exceeds the rated value, the system will immediately take measures, such as limiting the output power or disconnecting the power supply, to prevent overcurrent from damaging the internal electronic components and circuits. This protection mechanism is crucial to the long-term stable operation of the inverter, and effectively avoids equipment burnout or performance degradation caused by excessive current.

The temperature protection function should not be ignored either. The inverter is equipped with a highly sensitive temperature sensor that can monitor the operating temperature of the equipment in real time. When the temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the overheating protection mechanism will start, automatically cutting off the power supply or reducing the output power to prevent equipment damage caused by overheating. Especially for key modules such as IGBT inside the inverter, overtemperature protection can respond in time to ensure that these core components operate within a safe temperature range, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

The inverter also has multiple safety functions such as short-circuit protection, reverse polarity protection and leakage protection. When a short circuit occurs at the output end of the inverter, the short-circuit protection mechanism will quickly cut off the power supply to prevent the short-circuit current from causing serious damage to the equipment and ensure the safe and stable operation of the entire system. The reverse polarity protection function is used to prevent the PV array from being connected in reverse polarity, ensuring that the inverter stops working immediately when reverse connection is detected, thereby protecting the equipment from damage. In addition, the leakage protection function monitors the leakage of the system in real time through the leakage current sensor set on the grounding wire. Once an abnormality is detected, the power supply will be quickly cut off to effectively prevent electric shock accidents.

Finally, the inverter is also equipped with an anti-islanding effect protection function. This protection mechanism targets the islanding effect that may occur when the power grid loses power, and can accurately detect the voltage and frequency of the grid connection point. When an abnormality occurs in the power grid, the inverter will immediately cut off the grid connection switch to prevent the power generation equipment from continuing to supply power as an isolated power source, thereby eliminating safety hazards to equipment and personnel.