What are the power protection functions of the inverter

In modern photovoltaic power generation systems, the inverter is a core device, and its reliability and safety are of vital importance. In order to ensure the safe operation of the inverter under various working conditions, a variety of protection mechanisms are designed, covering DC overvoltage protection, grid over/undervoltage protection, frequency anomaly protection, anti-islanding effect protection, polarity reverse connection protection, and overload protection.

DC overvoltage protection
The inverter has a DC overvoltage protection function. When the voltage of the photovoltaic array or other DC power source exceeds the maximum DC input voltage range specified by the power inverter, the protection mechanism will automatically start. This situation usually occurs under strong light conditions, and the photovoltaic array may generate abnormally high voltage. After detecting that the voltage exceeds the standard, the inverter will immediately stop working and issue a warning signal, and clearly display the fault type on the LCD screen. This protection measure effectively prevents equipment damage or potential safety accidents caused by excessive DC voltage, ensuring the long-term stability of the system.

Grid over/undervoltage protection
The inverter is equipped with overvoltage and undervoltage protection functions at its AC output end. When the AC output voltage exceeds the set safety range, whether the voltage is too high or too low, the inverter will quickly cut off the power supply to the grid and send out a corresponding warning signal. This mechanism not only protects the inverter itself, but also prevents the grid from being damaged by voltage abnormalities. In addition, the undervoltage protection function ensures that the inverter will not operate under low voltage conditions, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment due to low voltage and ensuring the safety and reliability of the equipment.

Frequency Abnormal Protection
The inverter also has a frequency abnormality protection function that can monitor the fluctuation of the grid frequency in real time. When it is detected that the grid frequency exceeds the allowable range, the inverter will immediately stop supplying power and send out a warning signal. This protection function is crucial to prevent equipment damage and grid instability caused by frequency fluctuations, and ensures the safety of the inverter under abnormal frequency conditions.

Anti-islanding Effect Protection
The islanding effect refers to the fact that the inverter may continue to supply power when the grid loses power, causing safety hazards. To solve this problem, the inverter is equipped with an anti-islanding effect protection function. This function can accurately monitor the voltage and frequency of the grid connection point, and quickly cut off the grid connection switch when an abnormality is detected to avoid the occurrence of the islanding effect. This protection mechanism not only ensures the safe operation of the equipment, but also protects the lives of maintenance personnel.

Reverse polarity protection
When the polarity of the photovoltaic array or other DC power supply is reversed, the inverter can quickly detect this error and start the reverse polarity protection function. This function effectively prevents the inverter from being damaged due to reverse polarity. Once the polarity returns to normal, the inverter will automatically return to normal working state to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the power generation system.

Overload protection
Overload protection is one of the important safety mechanisms of the inverter. When the load carried by the inverter exceeds its rated power, the overload protection function will be quickly triggered to cut off the power supply or limit the output power to prevent the equipment from being damaged due to overload. This protection measure ensures that the inverter can operate safely and efficiently under various load conditions, extending the service life of the equipment.